Aim:

To visualize how current flows in a simple circuit using a physical model.

Requirements:

• Large chart paper or classroom board

• String or wool (representing wires)

• Arrow cut-outs (to show current direction)

• Printed/drawn symbols for battery, switch, bulb

• Tape or pins for fixing

Working:

Step 1: Draw the Circuit

• On chart paper, draw a battery, switch, and bulb in a loop.

Step 2: Create Wire Paths

• Use string/wool to connect battery → switch → bulb → back to battery.

Step 3: Show Current Flow

• Place paper arrows on the string to represent current direction.

Step 4: Demonstrate Open Circuit

• Keep the switch symbol open.

• Explain: the loop is broken → current cannot flow → bulb does not glow.

Step 5: Demonstrate Closed Circuit

• Now place the switch in closed position.

• Explain: the loop is complete → electrons flow → bulb glows.

Diagram Explanation

Battery (+) → Switch → Bulb → Battery (–)

• Current leaves the positive terminal of the battery,

• Passes through the switch,

• Goes through the bulb, making it glow,

• Returns to the negative terminal of the battery.