Electricity doesn’t always behave the same way. The way we connect components changes how current and voltage flow.

• In a Series Circuit:
  • Components are connected one after another in a single path.

  • Current is the same through all parts.

  • Voltage is divided among the components.

• In a Parallel Circuit:
  • Components are connected across the same two points.

  • Voltage is the same across each branch.

  • Current divides among the branches.

This difference affects brightness, efficiency, and safety. For example:

• Christmas lights often use series (if one bulb fails, all go off).

• Homes use parallel (so one bulb failing doesn’t switch off the others).